addrman.h

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// Copyright (c) 2012 Pieter Wuille
// Copyright (c) 2012-2018 The Bitcoin Core developers
// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

#ifndef BITCOIN_ADDRMAN_H
#define BITCOIN_ADDRMAN_H

#include <netaddress.h>
#include <protocol.h>
#include <random.h>
#include <sync.h>
#include <timedata.h>
#include <util/system.h>

#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <vector>

class CAddrInfo : public CAddress
{
public:
    int64_t nLastTry{0};

    int64_t nLastCountAttempt{0};

private:
    CNetAddr source;

    int64_t nLastSuccess{0};

    int nAttempts{0};

    int nRefCount{0};

    bool fInTried{false};

    int nRandomPos{-1};

    friend class CAddrMan;

public:

    ADD_SERIALIZE_METHODS;

    template <typename Stream, typename Operation>
    inline void SerializationOp(Stream& s, Operation ser_action) {
        READWRITEAS(CAddress, *this);
        READWRITE(source);
        READWRITE(nLastSuccess);
        READWRITE(nAttempts);
    }

    CAddrInfo(const CAddress &addrIn, const CNetAddr &addrSource) : CAddress(addrIn), source(addrSource)
    {
    }

    CAddrInfo() : CAddress(), source()
    {
    }

    int GetTriedBucket(const uint256 &nKey) const;

    int GetNewBucket(const uint256 &nKey, const CNetAddr& src) const;

    int GetNewBucket(const uint256 &nKey) const
    {
        return GetNewBucket(nKey, source);
    }

    int GetBucketPosition(const uint256 &nKey, bool fNew, int nBucket) const;

    bool IsTerrible(int64_t nNow = GetAdjustedTime()) const;

    double GetChance(int64_t nNow = GetAdjustedTime()) const;
};

#define ADDRMAN_TRIED_BUCKET_COUNT_LOG2 8

#define ADDRMAN_NEW_BUCKET_COUNT_LOG2 10

#define ADDRMAN_BUCKET_SIZE_LOG2 6

#define ADDRMAN_TRIED_BUCKETS_PER_GROUP 8

#define ADDRMAN_NEW_BUCKETS_PER_SOURCE_GROUP 64

#define ADDRMAN_NEW_BUCKETS_PER_ADDRESS 8

#define ADDRMAN_HORIZON_DAYS 30

#define ADDRMAN_RETRIES 3

#define ADDRMAN_MAX_FAILURES 10

#define ADDRMAN_MIN_FAIL_DAYS 7

#define ADDRMAN_REPLACEMENT_HOURS 4

#define ADDRMAN_GETADDR_MAX_PCT 23

#define ADDRMAN_GETADDR_MAX 2500

#define ADDRMAN_TRIED_BUCKET_COUNT (1 << ADDRMAN_TRIED_BUCKET_COUNT_LOG2)
#define ADDRMAN_NEW_BUCKET_COUNT (1 << ADDRMAN_NEW_BUCKET_COUNT_LOG2)
#define ADDRMAN_BUCKET_SIZE (1 << ADDRMAN_BUCKET_SIZE_LOG2)

#define ADDRMAN_SET_TRIED_COLLISION_SIZE 10

static const int64_t ADDRMAN_TEST_WINDOW = 40*60; // 40 minutes

class CAddrMan
{
protected:
    mutable CCriticalSection cs;

private:
    int nIdCount GUARDED_BY(cs);

    std::map<int, CAddrInfo> mapInfo GUARDED_BY(cs);

    std::map<CNetAddr, int> mapAddr GUARDED_BY(cs);

    std::vector<int> vRandom GUARDED_BY(cs);

    // number of "tried" entries
    int nTried GUARDED_BY(cs);

    int vvTried[ADDRMAN_TRIED_BUCKET_COUNT][ADDRMAN_BUCKET_SIZE] GUARDED_BY(cs);

    int nNew GUARDED_BY(cs);

    int vvNew[ADDRMAN_NEW_BUCKET_COUNT][ADDRMAN_BUCKET_SIZE] GUARDED_BY(cs);

    int64_t nLastGood GUARDED_BY(cs);

    std::set<int> m_tried_collisions;

protected:
    uint256 nKey;

    FastRandomContext insecure_rand;

    CAddrInfo* Find(const CNetAddr& addr, int *pnId = nullptr) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

    CAddrInfo* Create(const CAddress &addr, const CNetAddr &addrSource, int *pnId = nullptr) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

    void SwapRandom(unsigned int nRandomPos1, unsigned int nRandomPos2) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

    void MakeTried(CAddrInfo& info, int nId) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

    void Delete(int nId) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

    void ClearNew(int nUBucket, int nUBucketPos) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

    void Good_(const CService &addr, bool test_before_evict, int64_t time) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

    bool Add_(const CAddress &addr, const CNetAddr& source, int64_t nTimePenalty) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

    void Attempt_(const CService &addr, bool fCountFailure, int64_t nTime) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

    CAddrInfo Select_(bool newOnly) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

    void ResolveCollisions_() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

    CAddrInfo SelectTriedCollision_() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

#ifdef DEBUG_ADDRMAN
    int Check_() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);
#endif

    void GetAddr_(std::vector<CAddress> &vAddr) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

    void Connected_(const CService &addr, int64_t nTime) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

    void SetServices_(const CService &addr, ServiceFlags nServices) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs);

public:
    template<typename Stream>
    void Serialize(Stream &s) const
    {
        LOCK(cs);

        unsigned char nVersion = 1;
        s << nVersion;
        s << ((unsigned char)32);
        s << nKey;
        s << nNew;
        s << nTried;

        int nUBuckets = ADDRMAN_NEW_BUCKET_COUNT ^ (1 << 30);
        s << nUBuckets;
        std::map<int, int> mapUnkIds;
        int nIds = 0;
        for (const auto& entry : mapInfo) {
            mapUnkIds[entry.first] = nIds;
            const CAddrInfo &info = entry.second;
            if (info.nRefCount) {
                assert(nIds != nNew); // this means nNew was wrong, oh ow
                s << info;
                nIds++;
            }
        }
        nIds = 0;
        for (const auto& entry : mapInfo) {
            const CAddrInfo &info = entry.second;
            if (info.fInTried) {
                assert(nIds != nTried); // this means nTried was wrong, oh ow
                s << info;
                nIds++;
            }
        }
        for (int bucket = 0; bucket < ADDRMAN_NEW_BUCKET_COUNT; bucket++) {
            int nSize = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < ADDRMAN_BUCKET_SIZE; i++) {
                if (vvNew[bucket][i] != -1)
                    nSize++;
            }
            s << nSize;
            for (int i = 0; i < ADDRMAN_BUCKET_SIZE; i++) {
                if (vvNew[bucket][i] != -1) {
                    int nIndex = mapUnkIds[vvNew[bucket][i]];
                    s << nIndex;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    template<typename Stream>
    void Unserialize(Stream& s)
    {
        LOCK(cs);

        Clear();

        unsigned char nVersion;
        s >> nVersion;
        unsigned char nKeySize;
        s >> nKeySize;
        if (nKeySize != 32) throw std::ios_base::failure("Incorrect keysize in addrman deserialization");
        s >> nKey;
        s >> nNew;
        s >> nTried;
        int nUBuckets = 0;
        s >> nUBuckets;
        if (nVersion != 0) {
            nUBuckets ^= (1 << 30);
        }

        if (nNew > ADDRMAN_NEW_BUCKET_COUNT * ADDRMAN_BUCKET_SIZE) {
            throw std::ios_base::failure("Corrupt CAddrMan serialization, nNew exceeds limit.");
        }

        if (nTried > ADDRMAN_TRIED_BUCKET_COUNT * ADDRMAN_BUCKET_SIZE) {
            throw std::ios_base::failure("Corrupt CAddrMan serialization, nTried exceeds limit.");
        }

        // Deserialize entries from the new table.
        for (int n = 0; n < nNew; n++) {
            CAddrInfo &info = mapInfo[n];
            s >> info;
            mapAddr[info] = n;
            info.nRandomPos = vRandom.size();
            vRandom.push_back(n);
            if (nVersion != 1 || nUBuckets != ADDRMAN_NEW_BUCKET_COUNT) {
                // In case the new table data cannot be used (nVersion unknown, or bucket count wrong),
                // immediately try to give them a reference based on their primary source address.
                int nUBucket = info.GetNewBucket(nKey);
                int nUBucketPos = info.GetBucketPosition(nKey, true, nUBucket);
                if (vvNew[nUBucket][nUBucketPos] == -1) {
                    vvNew[nUBucket][nUBucketPos] = n;
                    info.nRefCount++;
                }
            }
        }
        nIdCount = nNew;

        // Deserialize entries from the tried table.
        int nLost = 0;
        for (int n = 0; n < nTried; n++) {
            CAddrInfo info;
            s >> info;
            int nKBucket = info.GetTriedBucket(nKey);
            int nKBucketPos = info.GetBucketPosition(nKey, false, nKBucket);
            if (vvTried[nKBucket][nKBucketPos] == -1) {
                info.nRandomPos = vRandom.size();
                info.fInTried = true;
                vRandom.push_back(nIdCount);
                mapInfo[nIdCount] = info;
                mapAddr[info] = nIdCount;
                vvTried[nKBucket][nKBucketPos] = nIdCount;
                nIdCount++;
            } else {
                nLost++;
            }
        }
        nTried -= nLost;

        // Deserialize positions in the new table (if possible).
        for (int bucket = 0; bucket < nUBuckets; bucket++) {
            int nSize = 0;
            s >> nSize;
            for (int n = 0; n < nSize; n++) {
                int nIndex = 0;
                s >> nIndex;
                if (nIndex >= 0 && nIndex < nNew) {
                    CAddrInfo &info = mapInfo[nIndex];
                    int nUBucketPos = info.GetBucketPosition(nKey, true, bucket);
                    if (nVersion == 1 && nUBuckets == ADDRMAN_NEW_BUCKET_COUNT && vvNew[bucket][nUBucketPos] == -1 && info.nRefCount < ADDRMAN_NEW_BUCKETS_PER_ADDRESS) {
                        info.nRefCount++;
                        vvNew[bucket][nUBucketPos] = nIndex;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // Prune new entries with refcount 0 (as a result of collisions).
        int nLostUnk = 0;
        for (std::map<int, CAddrInfo>::const_iterator it = mapInfo.begin(); it != mapInfo.end(); ) {
            if (it->second.fInTried == false && it->second.nRefCount == 0) {
                std::map<int, CAddrInfo>::const_iterator itCopy = it++;
                Delete(itCopy->first);
                nLostUnk++;
            } else {
                it++;
            }
        }
        if (nLost + nLostUnk > 0) {
            LogPrint(BCLog::ADDRMAN, "addrman lost %i new and %i tried addresses due to collisions\n", nLostUnk, nLost);
        }

        Check();
    }

    void Clear()
    {
        LOCK(cs);
        std::vector<int>().swap(vRandom);
        nKey = insecure_rand.rand256();
        for (size_t bucket = 0; bucket < ADDRMAN_NEW_BUCKET_COUNT; bucket++) {
            for (size_t entry = 0; entry < ADDRMAN_BUCKET_SIZE; entry++) {
                vvNew[bucket][entry] = -1;
            }
        }
        for (size_t bucket = 0; bucket < ADDRMAN_TRIED_BUCKET_COUNT; bucket++) {
            for (size_t entry = 0; entry < ADDRMAN_BUCKET_SIZE; entry++) {
                vvTried[bucket][entry] = -1;
            }
        }

        nIdCount = 0;
        nTried = 0;
        nNew = 0;
        nLastGood = 1; //Initially at 1 so that "never" is strictly worse.
        mapInfo.clear();
        mapAddr.clear();
    }

    CAddrMan()
    {
        Clear();
    }

    ~CAddrMan()
    {
        nKey.SetNull();
    }

    size_t size() const
    {
        LOCK(cs); // TODO: Cache this in an atomic to avoid this overhead
        return vRandom.size();
    }

    void Check()
    {
#ifdef DEBUG_ADDRMAN
        {
            LOCK(cs);
            int err;
            if ((err=Check_()))
                LogPrintf("ADDRMAN CONSISTENCY CHECK FAILED!!! err=%i\n", err);
        }
#endif
    }

    bool Add(const CAddress &addr, const CNetAddr& source, int64_t nTimePenalty = 0)
    {
        LOCK(cs);
        bool fRet = false;
        Check();
        fRet |= Add_(addr, source, nTimePenalty);
        Check();
        if (fRet) {
            LogPrint(BCLog::ADDRMAN, "Added %s from %s: %i tried, %i new\n", addr.ToStringIPPort(), source.ToString(), nTried, nNew);
        }
        return fRet;
    }

    bool Add(const std::vector<CAddress> &vAddr, const CNetAddr& source, int64_t nTimePenalty = 0)
    {
        LOCK(cs);
        int nAdd = 0;
        Check();
        for (std::vector<CAddress>::const_iterator it = vAddr.begin(); it != vAddr.end(); it++)
            nAdd += Add_(*it, source, nTimePenalty) ? 1 : 0;
        Check();
        if (nAdd) {
            LogPrint(BCLog::ADDRMAN, "Added %i addresses from %s: %i tried, %i new\n", nAdd, source.ToString(), nTried, nNew);
        }
        return nAdd > 0;
    }

    void Good(const CService &addr, bool test_before_evict = true, int64_t nTime = GetAdjustedTime())
    {
        LOCK(cs);
        Check();
        Good_(addr, test_before_evict, nTime);
        Check();
    }

    void Attempt(const CService &addr, bool fCountFailure, int64_t nTime = GetAdjustedTime())
    {
        LOCK(cs);
        Check();
        Attempt_(addr, fCountFailure, nTime);
        Check();
    }

    void ResolveCollisions()
    {
        LOCK(cs);
        Check();
        ResolveCollisions_();
        Check();
    }

    CAddrInfo SelectTriedCollision()
    {
        CAddrInfo ret;
        {
            LOCK(cs);
            Check();
            ret = SelectTriedCollision_();
            Check();
        }
        return ret;
    }

    CAddrInfo Select(bool newOnly = false)
    {
        CAddrInfo addrRet;
        {
            LOCK(cs);
            Check();
            addrRet = Select_(newOnly);
            Check();
        }
        return addrRet;
    }

    std::vector<CAddress> GetAddr()
    {
        Check();
        std::vector<CAddress> vAddr;
        {
            LOCK(cs);
            GetAddr_(vAddr);
        }
        Check();
        return vAddr;
    }

    void Connected(const CService &addr, int64_t nTime = GetAdjustedTime())
    {
        LOCK(cs);
        Check();
        Connected_(addr, nTime);
        Check();
    }

    void SetServices(const CService &addr, ServiceFlags nServices)
    {
        LOCK(cs);
        Check();
        SetServices_(addr, nServices);
        Check();
    }

};

#endif // BITCOIN_ADDRMAN_H